Bench mark is established by -
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A.
Spirit levelling
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B.
Hypsometric levelling
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C.
Barometric levelling
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D.
Trigonometrical levelling
Correct Answer:
A. Spirit levelling
Explanation:
Spirit leveling is the standard and most precise technique used to establish benchmarks. This method employs a leveling instrument, which combines a telescope with a spirit level vial, to determine the exact elevation of a point relative to a known datum, such as Mean Sea Level. By ensuring a perfectly horizontal line of sight, surveyors can take highly accurate readings from graduated rods to calculate vertical distances, making it the preferred choice for creating reliable reference points in geodetic and engineering projects.
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