The energy of an electron in a multielectron atom depends on which of the following?
i. Its principal quantum number (shell)
ii. Its azimuthal quantum number (subshell)
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A.
ii only
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B.
i only
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C.
Neither i nor ii
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D.
Both i and ii
Correct Answer:
D. Both i and ii
Explanation:
In a multielectron atom, the energy of an orbital is determined by both the principal quantum number (n) and the azimuthal quantum number (l). The principal quantum number represents the main energy level or shell, while the azimuthal quantum number defines the subshell (s, p, d, or f) and the shape of the orbital. According to the Aufbau principle and the (n + l) rule, the energy of an electron increases as the sum of these two quantum numbers increases. In contrast to a hydrogen atom, where energy depends solely on the principal quantum number, the presence of multiple electrons leads to shielding effects and electron-electron repulsions that make the subshell level (l) a critical factor in determining total energy. Therefore, the energy depends on both the shell and the subshell.
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