The phenomenon of perfect diamagnetism in superconductors is known as:
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A.
ferromagnetic effect
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B.
Biot-Savart Law
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C.
electromagnetic effect
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D.
Meissner effect
Correct Answer:
D. Meissner effect
Explanation:
The Meissner effect refers to the expulsion of a magnetic field from the interior of a material as it transitions into a superconducting state. When a superconductor is cooled below its critical temperature in the presence of a magnetic field, it acts as a perfect diamagnet by creating internal surface currents that generate an opposing magnetic field, effectively canceling the external field within the material. This characteristic distinguishes superconductors from ideal conductors, which would merely trap a constant magnetic field rather than actively expelling it. Thus, the phenomenon of perfect diamagnetism in superconductors is specifically identified as the Meissner effect.
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