Which of the following statements is/are true?
i. The covalent bond may be classified into two types depending upon the types of overlapping: (i) Sigma(σ) bond and (ii) pi(π) bond
ii. Basically, the strength of a bond depends upon the extent of overlapping.
iii. In case of sigma bond, the overlapping of orbitals takes place to a larger extent.
Hence, it is stronger compared to the pi bond where the extent of overlapping occurs to a smaller extent.
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A.
Only ii and iii
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B.
Only i and iii
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C.
Only i and ii
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D.
i, ii and iii
Correct Answer:
D. i, ii and iii
Explanation:
The provided statements regarding covalent bonds are all accurate. Covalent bonds are categorized into sigma and pi bonds based on the specific manner in which atomic orbitals overlap. The durability of a chemical bond is directly related to the magnitude of this orbital overlap; a greater degree of overlap results in a more robust bond. In a sigma bond, orbitals overlap along the internuclear axis to a significant degree, making it inherently stronger than a pi bond, which involves a less effective lateral or sideway overlap of orbitals. Therefore, statements i, ii, and iii are correct.
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