Which of the following represents the correct electronic configuration of Chromium (Z = 24)?
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A.
[Ar] 3d³ 4s³
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B.
[Ar] 3d⁴ 4s²
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C.
[Ar] 3d⁶ 4s⁰
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D.
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹
Correct Answer:
D. [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of Chromium (Z = 24) is [Ar] 3d5 4s¹ instead of the expected [Ar] 3d4 4s². This occurs because half-filled subshells provide extra stability due to the symmetrical distribution of electrons and greater exchange energy. In this state, one electron from the 4s orbital shifts to the 3d orbital, resulting in five unpaired electrons in the 3d subshell and one in the 4s subshell, which is a more energetically favorable and stable arrangement.
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