In the chlor-alkali process, ________ is given off at the anode, and ________ at the cathode.
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A.
chlorine gas, oxygen gas
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B.
chlorine gas, hydrogen gas
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C.
oxygen gas, hydrogen gas
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D.
chlorine gas, water vapour
Correct Answer:
B. chlorine gas, hydrogen gas
Explanation:
In the chlor-alkali process, the electrolysis of a concentrated salt solution (brine) results in the production of three primary substances: chlorine, hydrogen, and sodium hydroxide. At the positive electrode (anode), chloride ions undergo oxidation to form chlorine gas. Simultaneously, at the negative electrode (cathode), water molecules are reduced to produce hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions. These hydroxide ions then combine with sodium ions in the solution to create sodium hydroxide. Therefore, chlorine gas is released at the anode, while hydrogen gas is generated at the cathode.
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