Given below are two statements. Read the statements carefully and select the correct option.
Statement I: Many metals, such as copper, zinc, tin, nickel, silver and gold, are refined electrolytically.
Statement II: In Electrolytic Refining, the impure metal is made the anode and a thin strip of pure metal is made the cathode.
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A.
Both Statements I and II are true.
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B.
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
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C.
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.
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D.
Both Statements I and II are false.
Correct Answer:
A. Both Statements I and II are true.
Explanation:
Electrolytic refining is a process used to purify metals like copper, gold, silver, nickel, and zinc. In this electrochemical method, the impure metal is utilized as the anode (the positive electrode), while a thin sheet of the pure version of that same metal serves as the cathode (the negative electrode). Both electrodes are submerged in an electrolyte solution, which is typically a salt of the metal being refined.
When an electric current is applied, metal atoms from the impure anode lose electrons to become ions and dissolve into the electrolyte. Simultaneously, metal ions from the solution migrate to the cathode, where they gain electrons and deposit as pure metal. Consequently, the pure metal cathode grows in size while the impure anode gradually dissolves. Any insoluble impurities present in the anode, such as gold or silver during copper refining, do not dissolve and instead settle at the bottom of the tank as anode mud.
Both statements provided are accurate: Statement I correctly identifies metals that undergo this process, and Statement II accurately describes the electrode setup. Therefore, the correct option is that both Statement I and Statement II are true.
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