Which of the following is a major source of pathogenic water pollution?
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A.
Industrial waste
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B.
Heavy metals from factories
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C.
Agricultural runoff
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D.
Domestic sewage and animal excreta
Correct Answer:
D. Domestic sewage and animal excreta
Explanation:
Domestic sewage and animal excreta are primary sources of pathogenic water pollution because they contain high concentrations of harmful microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and parasites. When untreated or partially treated wastewater from homes and livestock enters water bodies—often due to aging sewer systems, combined sewer overflows during heavy rain, or agricultural runoff—it introduces pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella. These contaminants can lead to serious waterborne diseases like cholera and gastroenteritis, making this waste a more direct source of biological infection compared to industrial chemicals or heavy metals.
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