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Correct Answer: C. Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande
Explanation: Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande is the correct answer because he was a pioneering musicologist who revolutionized Hindustani classical music by developing its modern, standardized notation system. In the early 20th century, he transitioned the tradition from a strictly oral guru-shishya method to a formal educational framework. He is famous for compiling the Kramik Pustak Malika, a monumental six-volume series that organized various ragas and compositions into a logical, scientific sequence. His system, which uses specific symbols for notes, talas, and octaves, remains the primary academic standard used by students and musicians today. While contemporaries like Pandit Vishnu Digambar Paluskar focused on opening music schools for the public, and artists like Pandit Ravi Shankar and Ustad Bismillah Khan achieved global fame as performers, it was Bhatkhande’s theoretical work that established the structural foundation for documenting and teaching the music.

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