The combined effects of the earth's curvature and refraction is eliminated in __________.
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A.
longitudinal sectioning
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B.
profile levelling
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C.
cross sectioning
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D.
reciprocal levelling
Correct Answer:
D. reciprocal levelling
Explanation:
The correct answer is reciprocal levelling.
Reciprocal levelling is a surveying technique specifically designed to cancel out the errors caused by the earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction. By taking measurements from two different instrument positions and averaging the results, these systematic errors are effectively neutralized. This method is particularly useful when surveying across long distances or over obstacles like rivers and ravines where a central instrument setup is not possible. Consequently, it provides a much higher degree of accuracy for determining elevation differences compared to standard levelling procedures.
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