The architecture of an operating system consists of:
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A.
Kernel only
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B.
CPU and Memory
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C.
Hardware only
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D.
Kernel and Shell
Correct Answer:
D. Kernel and Shell
Explanation:
The architecture of an operating system primarily comprises the kernel and the shell, which function together to manage the computer. The kernel serves as the core component, operating in privileged mode to handle critical tasks such as memory management, processor scheduling, and direct hardware interaction. In contrast, the shell acts as the interface—either text-based (CLI) or graphical (GUI)—that allows users and applications to communicate with the kernel and execute commands. While modern systems also include various management components and system programs, the fundamental structural relationship is defined by the interaction between the internal kernel and the external shell.
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