What is the primary method for extracting copper from sulphide ores like chalcopyrite?
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A.
Electrolytic refining
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B.
Magnetic separation
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C.
Leaching
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D.
Smelting and converting
Correct Answer:
D. Smelting and converting
Explanation:
The primary method for extracting copper from sulfide ores like chalcopyrite is smelting and converting. Because these ores contain a high percentage of iron and sulfur, they are first concentrated using froth flotation and then subjected to pyrometallurgical processes. During smelting, the concentrate is heated with silica to create a molten copper-iron-sulfur matte while removing iron as slag. This matte is then processed in a converter, where oxygen is blown through the liquid to oxidize the remaining sulfur into sulfur dioxide and produce blister copper. While electrolytic refining is used later to achieve high purity, the initial extraction from the sulfide state relies on the thermal smelting and converting sequence.
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