A thermocouple works on the principle of .
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A.
Peltier effect
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B.
Raman effect
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C.
Ohm’s law
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D.
Seebeck effect
Correct Answer:
D. Seebeck effect
Explanation:
The Seebeck effect is the fundamental principle behind a thermocouple's operation. This phenomenon occurs when two different electrical conductors are joined at two junctions with a temperature gradient between them, resulting in the generation of a temperature-dependent voltage or electromotive force (EMF). This voltage is proportional to the temperature difference between the measuring (hot) junction and the reference (cold) junction, allowing the device to function as a reliable temperature sensor without requiring an external power source. While the Peltier and Thomson effects are related thermoelectric phenomena, the Seebeck effect specifically describes the conversion of heat directly into electricity that enables temperature measurement.
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