Which of the following is a characteristic difference between colloids and true solutions?
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A.
True solutions show the Tyndall effect, but colloids do not.
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B.
True solutions have visible solute particles, whereas colloids have invisible dispersed particles.
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C.
True solutions exhibit Brownian motion, but colloids do not.
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D.
True solutions have a single-phase system, whereas colloids have a two-phase system.
Correct Answer:
D. True solutions have a single-phase system, whereas colloids have a two-phase system.
Explanation:
True solutions are homogeneous mixtures where the solute is fully dissolved at a molecular or ionic level, resulting in a single-phase system with particles smaller than 1 nm that do not scatter light. In contrast, colloids are heterogeneous two-phase systems containing larger dispersed particles (1-1000 nm) that remain suspended and scatter light beams, a phenomenon known as the Tyndall effect. While true solutions are transparent and show no internal movement under a microscope, colloids are often translucent and exhibit Brownian motion due to the constant bombardment of particles by the dispersion medium.
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