With reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways, consider the following statements:
1. The decomposition of human waste in the bio-toilets in initiated by a fungal inoculum.
2. Ammonia and water vapour are the only end products in this decomposition which are released into the atmosphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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A.
1 only
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B.
2 only
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C.
Both 1 and 2
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D.
Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer:
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation:
With reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways:
The decomposition of human waste in bio-toilets is initiated by anaerobic bacteria, not a fungal inoculum.
The decomposition process produces primarily methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor as gaseous end products, not just ammonia and water vapor.
Therefore, neither statement 1 nor 2 is correct.
The bio-toilets use a bacterial consortium to decompose human waste anaerobically, converting it into biogas (methane and carbon dioxide) and treated water. The treated water released onto the tracks is free from pathogens and the gases are vented safely.
Hence, the correct answer is (d) Neither 1 nor 2.
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