What can be the impact of excessive/inappropriate use of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture ?
1. Proliferation of nitrogen- fixing microorganisms in soil can occur.
2. Increase in the acidity of soil can take place.
3. Leaching of nitrate to the ground water can occur.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
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A.
1 and 3 only
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B.
2 only
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C.
2 and 3 only
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D.
1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer:
C. 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
The correct answer is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation:
Statement 1: Proliferation of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in soil can occur.
This is incorrect. Excessive nitrogen fertilizers reduce the need for nitrogen-fixing bacteria because the soil already receives ample nitrogen in chemical form, which decreases the population and activity of these microorganisms.
Statement 2: Increase in the acidity of soil can take place.
This is correct. Excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers, especially ammonium-based ones, leads to soil acidification by releasing hydrogen ions during nitrification, which lowers soil pH and affects soil health.
Statement 3: Leaching of nitrate to the ground water can occur.
This is correct. Nitrate from fertilizers is highly soluble and can leach into groundwater, causing contamination and environmental issues like eutrophication.
Hence, the overall impact of excessive nitrogenous fertilizer use includes soil acidification and nitrate leaching, but not an increase in nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
Therefore, the correct answer is (c) 2 and 3 only.
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