Which Article empowers the President to grant pardons?
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A.
Article 71
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B.
Article 72
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C.
Article 73
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D.
Article 74
Correct Answer:
B. Article 72
Explanation:
Article 72 of the Indian Constitution grants the President the authority to provide pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment, as well as to suspend, remit, or commute the sentences of individuals convicted of specific offenses. This power is applicable in cases involving court-martial sentences, offenses against laws relating to the executive power of the Union, and all death sentences. The primary objective of this provision is to correct potential judicial errors or provide relief in instances where a punishment is deemed excessively severe. While the President exercises this power on the advice of the Council of Ministers, the Supreme Court has established that such decisions are subject to judicial review if they are found to be arbitrary, mala fide, or based on irrelevant considerations.
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