The provisions of Fundamental Rights can be amended by:
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A.
Simple Majority of Parliament
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B.
Special Majority of Parliament
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C.
Both Parliament and State Legislatures
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D.
President’s Ordinance
Correct Answer:
B. Special Majority of Parliament
Explanation:
Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution are not absolute and can be amended by the Parliament. According to Article 368, such amendments require a Special Majority, which means a majority of the total membership of each House and a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting. However, the Supreme Court ruled in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) that any amendment to the Fundamental Rights cannot alter or destroy the "basic structure" of the Constitution. Therefore, while the Parliament has the power to amend these rights, it must do so through a Special Majority without violating the basic structure.
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